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Explain how a vaccination prevents infection.

A vaccine causes white blood cells to produce anitbodies. Antibodies are proteins which kill pathogens, such as viruses and bacteria. If the body is reinfected by the same pathogen as the vaccine then the wh...
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Answered by Tomas C. • Biology tutor
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What is the difference between diffusion and osmosis?

Osmosis is the movement of solvent particles (usually referring to water) from an area of low concentration (i.e. lots of water particles) to and area of high concentration (i.e. less water particles and mor...
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Answered by Kaat M. • Biology tutor
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What are the functions of the Kidneys?

It is the kidneys job to filter the blood and remove waste products. The kidneys are made of functional units call nephrons of which there around a million per human kidney. In the renal corpuscle filrate co...
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Answered by Elizabeth A. • Biology tutor
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In what ways have human activities contributed to global warming?

With this question it is important to focus on the human contribution to global warming rather than explaining why global warming is happening. Start your answer by explaining that carbon dioxide and methane...
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Answered by Kaat M. • Biology tutor
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What is a protein? How are proteins made?

Proteins, also known as polypeptides, are amino acid sequences . All proteins are made of amino acids.Proteins exhibit variance . This is due to the fact that there can be a myriad of possible combinations :...
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Answered by Francesco G. • Biology tutor
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