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State and explain the trend in atomic radius down a group of the periodic table

Down a group of the periodic table, the atomic radius increases. As we go down a group, the outermost electron of an atom is placed in a shell that is further from the nucleus. This means it experiences the ...
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Answered by Thomas C. • Chemistry tutor
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Explain what happens to magnesium and oxygen atoms when they react to form Magnesium oxide.

When this reaction occurs, strong ionic bonds form between two oppositely charged particles (ions). Magnesium is a group II metal, and therefore has two electrons in it's highest energy level (or outermost e...
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Answered by Mathew C. • Chemistry tutor
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What is a buffer and what do you need to make one?

A buffer is a solution which resists changes in pH when alkaline or acidic solution is added to it. Buffers are created based on the equilibrium of a proton donor/ acceptor and the conjugate base/ acid. For ...
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Answered by Felix B. • Chemistry tutor
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Why does the solubility of Group 2 hydroxides in water increase down the group?

Firstly, we must consider the thermodynamics involved It is known that a reaction is spontaneous due to thermodynamic favourability if the Gibbs Free Energy is negative. This is further broken down to entrop...
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Answered by Eleni N. • Chemistry tutor
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Describe two different test tube reactions to identify the following organic compounds: propanal and benzoic acid.

There are several different answers one could make and an exam question would just require one for each. 1) Propanal - from the ending "al" this is an aldehyde. - Add Tollens' reagent. Positive res...
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Answered by Daniel D. • Chemistry tutor
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