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Nozick asks us to imagine being placed into a virtual reality machine, this machine will replicate a life of extreme pleasure and happiness, with various pleasures and minimum pain. If we plug in we will not...

Hempel’s analytic behaviourism is the view that mental states are a private phenomenon, so cannot be verified in a public, intersubjective sense. Thus, we have to talk about them in terms that are empiricall...

Although Descartes has proven to himself that he exists as a thinking thing (an argument he outlines with the cogito ), he is still dissatisfied with any proof of the physical world and the reliability of hi...

The ontological argument is an a priori argument for the existence of God. It is generally considered a part of natural theology - the use of human reason to know things about God independently of any action...

Descartes suggests, that if we assume that there is an evil power, who's only goal is to deceive us, exists, then we can not be certain about the nature of our reality. He uses many examples. In one of them,...