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One limitation of using laboratory experiments in psychological studies is that the results of such experiments are likely to lack ecological validity and mundane realism. This means that because of the cont...

The continuity hypothesis suggests that early relationship experiences continue in later adult relationships. Young children develop an 'internal working model' from their first relationship with their prima...

Classical conditioning occurs when a stimulus (UCS) that causes a reflex (UCR) is paired with another stimulus that normally has no effect. After pairing, the second stimulus (CS) causes the same response (C...

One strength of the biological approach is that it has real-life application. For example, a modern understanding of biochemical processes within the brain has led to the development of psychoactive drugs wh...

Statistical tests of studies in psychology determine whether or not the results are significant (not due to chance) or not significant (due to chance)- note that to say ‘insignificant’ when answering an exam...