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Schaffer and Emerson's study is true to real life as the children were observed by their mothers in their own home, therefore there was less demand characteristics than there would be if the study was conduc...

One limitation of the cognitive psychology approach to understanding behaviour is that it lacks ecological validity. Common paradigms and tasks utilised by cognitive psychologists (e.g. the Stroop task) are ...

The decision to use one of these over another depends mostly on what exactly the researchers are trying to find or understand, that is the aim of the study. as each has different strengths and limitations. A...

Retrieval failure (due to absence of cues) encoding specificity principle (Tulving and Thomson)context-dependent forgetting; context at encoding and retrieval do not matchAbernethy - student study; familiari...

First memorise a mental checklist that can be applied to each case study.-Ecological validity-Generalisability-Ethnocentrism-Ethical considerations-Participant bias-Cross checking facts-Reductionism-Gynocent...