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The doctrine of precedent, or stare decisis, is one of the most important features of English and Welsh law. The doctrine states courts are bound by all decisions made by more senior courts; therefore the de...

To start with, some assumptions must be made to simplify the problem. Firstly the N molecules are assumed to have no size, be identical and not interact with each other. The second assumption is that the mol...

First, write the line in vector form r =(1 1 1) + t(1 2 -1). Consider a point P on the line such that the line connecting P and A is perpendicular to L. The vector P->A is (2 3 4) - (1 1 1) - t(1 2 -1) = ...

By definition, all transition metal ions have d orbitals. These are normally degenerate, lying at the same energy level as there is nothing to break the symmetry. However, in the presence of ligands, the sym...

It is important we first define what we mean by an odd and even number. An even number is any integer (whole number) number divisible by 2 so we can express any even number as 2x where x is any integer. When...