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How does a catalyst effect the rate of reaction?

Overall the catalyst increases the rate of reaction. It does this by adding an alternative pathway for the reagents to react, this alternative path way has a much lower activation energy than the original re...
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Answered by Thomas C. • Chemistry tutor
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'Utilitarianism is a good way to make moral decisions.' Discuss.

Utilitarianism is the concept that morality is concerned with the best possible consequences for bringing about happiness, for the greatest number of people. A deontological, ‘duty based’ approach provides a...
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Answered by Rosie B. • Philosophy tutor
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How does the structure and bonding of alkanes differ to that of alkenes?

In alkanes, such as propane, the carbon atoms are sp 3 hybridised, meaning that each carbon atom has 4 sp 3 molecular orbitals associated with it available for covalent bonding. These form 4 sigma bonds (bon...
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Answered by Edward G. • Chemistry tutor
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Consider the arithmetic sequence 5,7,9,11, …. Derive a formula for (i) the nth term and (ii) the sum to n terms. (iii) Hence find the sum of the first 20 terms.

We can easily identify the first term (5) The common difference can be found by subtracting the n th term from the (n+1) th term 7-5=9-7=11-9=2 Therefore: U 1 =5 and d=2 The IB formula booklet provides the g...
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Answered by Jan Niklas F. • Maths tutor
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How to structure an answer to the question: 'Assess the view that Lenin’s rule between 1917 and l924 was merely a brutal dictatorship'.

First, we could ask if we both think that Lenin’s rule can simply be reduced to a ‘brutal dictatorship’. Do we not need to be more specific if we are going to properly understand the specificities of Russian...
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Answered by Edward N. • History tutor
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