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Emphysema is a disease affecting the lungs. People with emphysema are often short of breath and find exercise difficult. Explain what happens to the lungs in this disease to cause the symptoms mentioned.

Emphysema affects the structure of the lungs called the alveoli. Each healthy alveolus has a large surface area in order for maximum diffusion of oxygen in the lungs. If someone is affected by emphysema, the...
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Answered by Elodie L. • Biology tutor
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How does mark-recapture work?

Mark-recapture is a method of estimating a population size. A sample from the population is captured using an appropriate method, marked, and released. A second sample is then captured after an interval and ...
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Answered by Ciaran S. • Biology tutor
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How did the hyperinflation of 1923 affect the German people?

Firstly, it is important to understand what hyperinflation is and how it works. The most basic definition of inflation is, that it is a sustained increase in the level of prices for different goods and servi...
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Answered by Lucie S. • History tutor
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Explain the process of DNA replication in prokaryotes.

Replication involves the synthesis of the leading and lagging strand which occur in a 5' to 3' direction. First helicase unwinds the DNA strand, while topoisomerase relieves the strain created by the unwindi...
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Answered by Kristen K. • Biology tutor
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Given z=cosx+isinx, show cosx=1/2(z+1/z)

We first consider 1/z=(cosx+isinx)^(-1). Application of De Moivre's theorem for integer n: (cosx+isinx)^(n)=cosnx+isinnx yields the result 1/z=cosx-isinx. Addition of the two forms z and z^(-1) steers us to ...
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