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Explain how an electrochemical gradient is formed in the mitochondria, and how this gradient is used to synthesise ATP.

At the first proton pump and associated electron carrier of the inner mitochondrial membrane reduced NAD releases two H + ions and two electrons. An electron travels down a series of electron carriers, each ...
LZ
Answered by Laurence Z. • Biology tutor
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A linear sequence starts, a + 2b, a + 6b, a + 10b …….. …….. The 2nd term has value 8. The 5th term has value 44. Work out the values of a and b

As it states that it is a "linear" sequence. You can identify the pattern and recognise that the 4th and 5th terms will be, a+14b and a+18b respectively.As the 2nd term has the value 8. This means ...
HA
Answered by Haris A. • Maths tutor
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Why does a cell shrink when placed in an environment with a high sugar content?

Water moves down a concentration gradient, where it goes from an area of high concentration to a low concentration. This is a process called osmosis which does not require any energy. When a cell is placed i...
SY
Answered by Sarah Y. • Biology tutor
7680 Views

Draw the circuit that could be used to investigate how the current through a filament lamp affects its resistance. How could it be used to investigate this? (6 marks)

*Circuit diagram showing a battery, filament lamp, ammeter and variable resistor connected in series, with a voltmeter connected in parallel with the filament lamp.*The resistance of the variable resistor sh...
OB
Answered by Oliver B. • Physics tutor
15195 Views

Draw and label a diagram to show the effects on the equilibrium market position to show the effects of a hot sunny day on the market for ice creams.

Demand Shift to the Right:As we can see on the diagram this increase in demand for ice-cream will cause the demand to make a full shift to the right (reference positions X-Y). This will mean that the equilib...
CF
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