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Think of tumour suppressor genes and oncogenes like the pedals used to operate a car. Oncogenes are mutated forms of proto-oncogenes. Normally, these proto-oncogenes act like the gas pedal, and allow the cel...

This involves thinking about a well-known formula (the product rule) in a slightly different way. Looking at the product rule, for two functions u and v, (uv)' = uv' + vu'. We can rewrite this as uv' = (uv)'...

First, we need to write cos 2 x in a form that is easily integrable. We can use the double angle formula cos(2x) = 2cos 2 x - 1 to see that cos 2 x = 1/2cos(2x)+1/2. Now, we can integrate the terms seperatel...

First of all, the stimulus (a change in environment) will cause the receptor in the skin to fire an action potential down the sensory neurone. The sensory neurone then reaches the relay neurone in the CNS (w...

Often, substitution is used when dealing with quadratic simultaneous equations as the other method, elimination, is more straightforward and can be used to solve linear equations but it cannot be used for qu...