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Indirect taxes are imposed on expenditure. They raise a firm's cost of production, which causes an upward shift in the supply curve of the firm. Indirect taxes can be specific or ad valorem: specific taxes a...

Firstly we must figure out what we know about this particle. We have its stangeness which is 1 and we know its charge from the "+" symbol in the question, which is also 1.For the first bit we shoul...

This is the sum of a geometric series with an infinite number of terms.First, find the common ratio:(-2/9)/(2/3) = -1/3 , (2/27)/(-2/9) = -1/3Therefore, the common ratio is -1/3-1<(-1/3)<1 therefore th...

First let y=ln(x). Recall that the exponential function, e x , is defined as the inverse of the logarithmic function, ln(x). To make x the subject of the formula, use the inverse function exp. This gives tha...

Let's start with the definition of sin( x ) and cos( x ). We're going to use t rather than x here to avoid confusion, but the idea is exactly the same. Take a unit circle - that is, a circle with centre (0,0...