Why is potential energy negative? What does that even mean?
This is really just a definition! When we ask what the potential energy of an object is, we are really asking what energy is available to be extracted. In the case of gravity: two objects separated by an infinite distance are DEFINED to have zero gravitational potential energy. As they fall together their potential energy becomes more negative, and because of the conservation of energy their kinetic energy increases so that the total energy remains zero.
The minus sign in the gravitational potential energy is really just a convention we use to keep track of energy - there is no physical meaning behind it. We could equally define it the other way round so that kinetic energy was negative!
BT
Related Physics A Level answers
All answers ▸Describe and explain the photoelectric effect (6 marks)
A circuit with a voltage source of 18V, has 3 resistors all connected on parallel, values at 2ohms, 6ohms and 7.5ohms. Find the total circuit resistance, and then subsequently, the total current supplied and power dissipated in the curcuit.
Why is an object that moves in a circular path accelerating when it has constant speed?
What is the total energy of a spaceship of mass m, orbiting a planet of mass M in a circular orbit with radius r? The ship and the planet are taken to be an isolated system.