How do geographical conditions influence the economical and political development of states? Please provide an example

Geographical conditions such as terrain, hydrology, soil, and climate can influence the development of a society by creating particular needs, advantages and disadvantages. Favourable, advantageous conditions in which resources are abundant and adversities rare will probably foster population growth and promote an extractive economy. On the other hand, harsher conditions will likely force societies to develop planning mechanisms and sustainable practices.

Political and social organization can also be modified by geographical conditions. For example, abundant navigable rives in Europe, a key factor in trade facilitation, have promoted urbanizations to develop alongside them.