What is the best way to structure my philosophy essays?

The first thing to do is to think in points; 'what points am I going to bring up for this specific question?' These points can be remembered/structured by specific scholars (e.g. Swinburne), or by specific arguments you want to raise (e.g. If God is benevolent, then he would want to interact with his creation. This interaction is what is known as a miracle). I personally find remembering the scholars far easier, but whatever works for you is absolutely fine. 

You need to choose 2-3 points FOR (F) and AGAINST (A) the question set. You also need a short introduction paragraph and a short conclusion. There are two easy ways to structure this: Intro, F1, F2, F3, A1, A2, A3, Conclusion. OR Intro, F1, A1, F2, A2, F3, A3, Conclusion.  Make sure that you're answering the specific question and always plan before you write. Commit yourself to a specific answer and defend that in the conclusion (e.g. To conclude, the concept of a miracle is plausible because 1, 2, 3 and this objection can be met by X). The points you choose should make your conclusion look like the most reasonable answer to the question.