Explain the process of synaptic transmission

The process of synaptic transmission is when one neuron communicates with another. An electrical impulse, or action potential, will travel down the axon and reach the end of the neuron (the axon terminal). This is where vesicles containing neurotransmitters (chemical messengers) are. When the action potential reaches the vesicles, it triggers them to release their neurotransmitters which will travel across the synaptic gap, and bind to receptors on the membrane of the post-synaptic neuron. The neurotransmitters will then cause either excitation (depolarisation) or inhibition (hyper polarisation) in the post-synaptic receptors.