Why does an α particle cause more ionisation than a β particle if they have the same kinetic energy?

An alpha particle has a much larger volume than a β particle, so when passing by an atom it is more likely to collide with an electron and knock it out of the atom causing the atom to be ionised (meaning it is now an ion) and so more ions are created, making it more ionising than a β particle. Another reason why α particles cause more ionisation is because it has more charge. An α particle has a charge of +2, which is the opposite charge to the electrons orbiting the atoms, so the α particle attracts the electrons and pulls them away from the atom, leaving it with fewer electrons, making it an ion. On the other hand, β particles are electrons, so they have the same charge as the electrons orbiting the atom, so they will only push electrons back towards the atom, meaning it is unlikely that β particles iononise through this method.

Answered by Physics tutor

6180 Views

See similar Physics A Level tutors

Related Physics A Level answers

All answers ▸

Given a projectile is launched, from rest, at an angle θ and travels at a velocity V, what is the range and path of motion of the projectile? (Ignore air resistance.)


How does a capacitor work and how do I treat it in a circuit?


What is the difference between linearly, directly and inversely proportional relationships?


A ball is dropped from rest at a height of 2 metres. Assuming acceleration due to gravity (g) is 10m/s^2 calculate the velocity of the ball just before it hits the floor.


We're here to help

contact us iconContact ustelephone icon+44 (0) 203 773 6020
Facebook logoInstagram logoLinkedIn logo

© MyTutorWeb Ltd 2013–2025

Terms & Conditions|Privacy Policy
Cookie Preferences