What is classical conditioning?

Classical conditioning refers to the process by which an associative relationship is learned between a previously neutral conditioned stimulus (CS) and a biologically relevant unconditioned stimulus (US). 

The phenomenon was first documented by Ivan Pavlov, who observed that after repeated exposure to a bell ringing when food was presented, his dogs would eventually salivate simply upon hearing a bell ring, even in the absence of food. 

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Answered by Micha F. Psychology tutor

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