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Explain a mechanism for the transporting and loading of sugars in the phloem. [6]

Relevant Points: Loading: loading into companion cells, location of companion cells at source(s), active loading of sucrose, mitochondrial action in companion cells, mechanism of proton gradient and co-trans...
HM
Answered by Humail M. Biology tutor
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Formation of an enzyme-substrate complex increases the rate of reaction, explain how.

The formation of an enzyme substrate complex reduces the activation energy required for the reaction to take place by bending bonds. Without an enzyme, very few reactions would have the energy to take place.
Answered by Biology tutor
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State and explain the principles of the Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)

Firstly, PCR is used to amplify DNA so that it can be used in analysis. It is particularly useful in processes like forensic science to identify DNA samples left behind at a crime scene. The process begins w...
VP
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Describe The Structures of different sugars, and why these different features are useful.

Amylose is a short coiled molecule. Which makes it compact, Good for storing lots of glucose in a small space.Amylopectin is a branched molecule with many end points for enzymes to access. So lots of hydroly...
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Explain the importance of mRNA in the process of protein synthesis and problems that can occur if there is a problem with the mRNA template?

mRNA serves as the template from which the tRNA will join to, during the process of translation, to form the polypeptide chain and eventually the protein. if the template is wrong or missing the desired prot...
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