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Comparing aluminium and magnesium, which has a lower first ionisation energy? Explain.

Aluminium has a lower first ionisation energy than magnesium. This is because it's outer electron is in a p-orbital in comparision to magnesium's outer electron which is in an s-orbital. The outer electron o...
AS
Answered by Amy S. • Chemistry tutor
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How do double bonds form?

Double bonds consist of two types of bond, a pi bond and a sigma bond. The sigma bond is a single bond, and is formed by the overlap of two s-orbitals. The pi bond is formed by the sideways overlap of non-bo...
AB
Answered by Alex B. • Chemistry tutor
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Describe the Le Chantelier principle

If a factor affecting the position of an equlibirum is altered, the position fo equlibrium shifts to oppose the effect of the change.
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Answered by Sudip S. • Chemistry tutor
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Write a balanced equation for the reaction between NaOH and sulfuric acid. A conical flask contains 25cm^3 of 0.124M NaOH, a burette contains 0.0625M sulfuric acid. Find the minimum amount of acid required to completely react with the NaOH in the flask.

first, consider balanced equation: consider reaction occuring: NaOH + H 2 SO 4 --> Na 2 SO 4 + H 2 O (neutralisation) ions present in each reactant: NaOH: Na + , OH - H 2 SO 4 : 2H + , SO 4 2- - SO 4 2- r...
HM
Answered by Harriet M. • Chemistry tutor
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Explain, in the context of catalysis, the term heterogeneous and describe the first stage in the mechanism of this type of catalysis.

A heterogeneous catalyst a catalyst that is in a alternative phase/state to the reactants. The first stage of catalysis by a heterogeneous catalyst is absorption of the reactants onto the surface of the cata...
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Answered by Hugo B. • Chemistry tutor
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