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Mass spectrometry is a method of identifying the molecular mass of compounds by measuring its mass to charge ratio. Methods vary depending on the molecules being analysed, their phase, the wanted sample inse...

Electrophilic aromatic substitution ( S E Ar ) is an organic reaction in which an atom that is attached to an aromatic system (usually hydrogen) is replaced by an electrophile. An electrophile is reagent tha...

Phenylamine contains a phenyl group attached to the amine. Phenyl groups have a delocalised system of electrons as a result of p orbitals from the 6 adjacent carbon atoms overlapping and "merging" ...

The easiest way to visualise this is to imagine a line of four dinner ladies serving you different parts of a school meal e.g. the first peas, the second mash potatoes, the third chicken and the fourth gravy...

Carbon can be found in different forms, with different structures and bonding. Graphite is a structure in which each carbon atom is bonded to three other carbon atoms, to form a sheet of hexagons. There is o...