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Say you have a differential equation of the form: dy/dx + Py = Q , where P and Q are functions of x. Remember that even if your equation doesn't initially look like this, you may be able to rearrange it into...

We can't integrate cos^2(x) as it is, so we want to change it into another form. We can easily do this using trig identities . 1) Recall the double angle formula: cos(2x) = cos^2(x) - sin^2(x). 2) We also kn...

Firstly, you need to understand that there are two main types: Passive Immunity and Active Immunity. We will take them one by one and break them down now. 1. Passive Immunity: As its name suggests, passive i...

Government spending is a component of Aggeregate Demand along with Consumption, Investment and Net exports. A reduction in Aggeregate Demand causes firms to produce less output in order to match lower demand...

There's a nice trick here you can do, treat the equation as 1*ln(x) then intergrate by parts. Differentiating ln(x) gives 1/x, while intergrating 1 gives x So your left with a much easier intergration x ln(x...