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What is the role of the Loop of Henle in urine production?

The Loop of Henle is a 'U' shaped portion of the nephron tubule which is very important in retaining water and Na+ from urine, in the process of 'Osmoregulation'. Water leaves the descending limb of the Loop...
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Answered by Ursula A. • Biology tutor
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Use the double angle formulae and the identity cos(A+B)≡cos(A)cos(B)−sin(A)sin(B) to obtain an expression for cos 3x in terms of cos x only

To answer, you need to know and be able to use your trigonometric formulae including the double angle formulae on data sheet. 1: cos(3x)=cos(2x+x) = cos(2x)cos(x) - sin(2x)sin(x) split the 3x into two terms,...
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Answered by Sam H. • Maths tutor
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Explain why increasing the temperature of a reaction increases the rate of the reaction (2)

By raising the temperature of the reaction mixture, the particles have more (kinetic) energy and so move around at a greater rate. This means there are more frequent collisions, due to the increased speed th...
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Answered by Sam H. • Chemistry tutor
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(2x+3)/(x-4) - (2x-8)/(2x+1) = 1 Solve for x

Multiply out the denominator, take care to multiply both sides of the equation: (2x+3)(2x+1) - (2x-8)(x-4) = (2x+1)(x-4) Expand the brackets, pay attention the the signs when multiplying, expecially the nega...
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Answered by Lucy M. • Maths tutor
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How are different substances transported across the cell membrane?

There are several different ways substances can be transported: 1) simple diffusion, i.e. substances that tend to be lipid soluble/ non-polar and can pass easily across the phospholipid bilyar of cells. 2) f...
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Answered by Vinay S. • Biology tutor
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