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Briefly describe how a vaccine works.

A vaccine is a dead or attenuated (weakened) form the pathogen. When injected into the host, the antigens on the surface of the pathogen generate an immune response. This stimulates the production of white b...
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Answered by Krishan P. • Biology tutor
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How do I approach primary source evaluation at A-level?

Analysis of primary sources can often seem daunting, especially with Early Modern topics where the language can be difficult to understand. Breaking the analysis down into sections can make it easier – we wi...
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Answered by Hannah B. • History tutor
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Explain what is meant by epigenetics and how it can inhibit transcription.

Epigenetics is the process by which heritable changes in gene function are caused by environmental factors. These changes are not within the base sequence of our DNA but are in fact due to the chemical tags ...
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Answered by Emily T. • Biology tutor
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Why are metals good conductors of electricity?

Metals form metallic bonds, where unlike in covalent or ionic bonding, electrons are delocalised. This means the electrons can move freely throughout the metallic structure. Electricity is the flow of electr...
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Answered by Olivia K. • Chemistry tutor
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The equation of line A is y = 6x -4. The equation of line B is 2y - 12x + 14 = 0. Are these two lines parallel?

Line A has a gradient of 6, because it is in the form y = mx + c, where m=6. Line B can be rearranged to y= 6x - 7, so the gradient is also 6. The gradient of both lines is the same, so they are parallel.
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Answered by Matthew L. • Maths tutor
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