How do we know the energy of a photon (light particle) is quantised?

Firstly, quantisation of energy means that energy can only exist for specific, discrete values, i.e. it is not continuous. Now, photons display this phenomena however it is not immediately obvious why, as in classical physics, we observe that light acts as a wave. To understand how the we know these particles are quantised we have to investigate a some practical examples. One of these examples is called the photoelectric effect. This is where a electromagnetic radiation (light) is incident on a metal. This causes electrons to become excited and thus jump out of the metal under certain conditions. However as the intensity of the light increases the energy of the electrons does not, leading us to believe that the light is not behaving as a classical wave as first thought. Furthermore, we observe that no electrons are emitted if the frequency of the light is below a certain value, called the work function. These two observations lead us to draw the conclusion that light, in this experiment, is acting a particles of discrete energy.

BM
Answered by Ben M. Physics tutor

3020 Views

See similar Physics A Level tutors

Related Physics A Level answers

All answers ▸

When red light is shone on a metal, regardless of the intensity of this light, no current will flow. However if blue light is shone on this metal a current will flow. Why does this occur?


A ball is initially at rest and is dropped from a height of 10m. Calculate the velocity of the ball when it reaches the ground


What is the de Broglie wavelength? Why do we care?


Describe the photoelectric effect.


We're here to help

contact us iconContact ustelephone icon+44 (0) 203 773 6020
Facebook logoInstagram logoLinkedIn logo

MyTutor is part of the IXL family of brands:

© 2026 by IXL Learning