What affects the boiling point of an alkane and why?

There are two ways to affect the boiling point, both of which are to do with London forces found between molecules. Firstly, the chain length. If the chain length increases, the molecules will have a larger surface area, so more surface contact is possible between molecules. This means that the London forces between molecules will be greater and so more energy is required to overcome the forces. As the chain length increases, boiling point increases. Secondly, the amount of branching in the molecule. Branches get in the way and prevent molecules from getting close together, so if there is more branching, there is less surface area of contact which means, just like with chain length, the London Forces are weaker and so less energy is required to overcome the forces. As branching increases, boiling point decreases.

TB

Related Chemistry A Level answers

All answers ▸

Why does an ionic compound (e.g. NaCl) conduct electricity when molten or dissolved in water, but not when it is a solid.


In transition metals, where does the formation of colour come from?


The equilibrium N2O4 (g) -->--< 2NO2 (g) is set up when N2O4 dissociates. When 0.0370 moles of N2O4 dissociates at 25 degrees in a 0.5dm3 sealed container, 0.0310 moles of N2O4 remains at equilibrium. Calculate the value of Kc for this reaction.


a) How can an element be classified as a transition metal, considering only electronic arrangement? (1 mark) b) In terms of electrons, why is aqueous copper(II) sulphate solution red? (3 marks) c) EDTA is a bidentate ligand. What is a bidentate ligand?(2)