What is the structure of benzene?

Although benzene is often drawn with alternating single and double bonds (Kekule structure), this is not representative of what is actually going on. Refer back to the structure of a C=C double bond, which has two p-orbitals which overap to form a pi orbital. If you were to imagine three double bonds and their p orbitals on the six carbon ring or 'backbone' (comprised of 6 C-C single or sigma bonds) of benzene, you would have six p orbitals, one on each carbon, that all overlap with each other. This is represented as a circle within a hexagon. The electrons are said to be delocalised, meaning they are not confined to individual double bonds, meaning that benzene is planar. In 3D, imagine the planar hexagon with a donut (torus) above and below the plane to represent the six p orbitals overlapping with each other.

JR
Answered by Jack R. Chemistry tutor

2956 Views

See similar Chemistry A Level tutors

Related Chemistry A Level answers

All answers ▸

What are the differences between sigma and pi bonds?


Why does AlCl3 form the dimer Al2Cl6?


For the reaction 2H2 + O2 -- 2H2O, how do I give an equation for the equilibrium constant in terms of the concentrations of products and reactants involved?


a sample of hydrated NiSO4 witha mass of 4.414g is heated to remove all water crystallisation. The resultant mass is 2.287g. How many H2O molecules to each NiSO4 were there in the original sample


We're here to help

contact us iconContact ustelephone icon+44 (0) 203 773 6020
Facebook logoInstagram logoLinkedIn logo

MyTutor is part of the IXL family of brands:

© 2026 by IXL Learning