What is the structure of benzene?

Although benzene is often drawn with alternating single and double bonds (Kekule structure), this is not representative of what is actually going on. Refer back to the structure of a C=C double bond, which has two p-orbitals which overap to form a pi orbital. If you were to imagine three double bonds and their p orbitals on the six carbon ring or 'backbone' (comprised of 6 C-C single or sigma bonds) of benzene, you would have six p orbitals, one on each carbon, that all overlap with each other. This is represented as a circle within a hexagon. The electrons are said to be delocalised, meaning they are not confined to individual double bonds, meaning that benzene is planar. In 3D, imagine the planar hexagon with a donut (torus) above and below the plane to represent the six p orbitals overlapping with each other.

JR
Answered by Jack R. Chemistry tutor

2420 Views

See similar Chemistry A Level tutors

Related Chemistry A Level answers

All answers ▸

Write down the equation for the Gibbs Free Energy change of a reaction. Hence explain why, for a spontaneous endothermic reaction, there must be an increase in the total entropy.


3-Methylpent-2-ene (CH3CH=C(CH3)CH2CH3) reacts with Hydrogen Chloride(HCl) forming a major and minor product. Please name the reaction, draw the mechanism for the formation of the major product and briefly explain why there is a major and a minor product.


Define the standard enthalpy of formation


Why are transition metal ions in water coloured, but sodium in water is not?


We're here to help

contact us iconContact ustelephone icon+44 (0) 203 773 6020
Facebook logoInstagram logoLinkedIn logo

© MyTutorWeb Ltd 2013–2025

Terms & Conditions|Privacy Policy
Cookie Preferences