State and explain the effect of the following on the rate of a reaction: a) increasing temp b) increasing pressure c) increasing concentration of ONE reactant d) adding a catalyst. In each case state what will happen to the rate constant, k.

a)         will increase

            greater collision energy

            so greater chance of activation energy being exceeded

            so greater fraction of successful collisions

            k increases

b)         will increase

            more particles per unit volume

            so collision frequency increases

            k unchanged

c)         will increase

            more particles per unit volume

            so collision frequency increases

            k unchanged

d)         will increase

            alternative reaction pathway

            so lower activation energy

            so greater fraction of successful collisions

            (k increases unless catalyst in rate equation in which case k unchanged)