What is equilibrium in regards to chemical reactions?

A + B -----> AB In the chemical reaction above, reactant A reacts with reactant B to form product AB. However, it is a common misconception that this reaction only goes in the forward direction (which is the one shown above). As more and more AB gets made, the reaction starts going in the opposite direction, with AB breaking down into A and B again: AB -----> A + B. In every reaction, if it goes on for long enough, there is a certain point where the rates of the forward reaction(A + B ------> AB) and reverse reactions (AB ------> A + B) are equal. At this point, the system is said to be in equilibrium. As a general statement, all chemical reactions try to achieve equillibrium. At equilibrium, the concentrations of A, B and AB are equal, and changing the concentration of any of the three will cause the system to shift in favor of the products or reactants to re-achieve equilibrium. For example, if more reactant A is added, the system will shift in favor of the products to use up the extra A that has been added, and once this has been done, the system will return to equilibrium. 

BH
Answered by Beatrice H. Chemistry tutor

3086 Views

See similar Chemistry IB tutors

Related Chemistry IB answers

All answers ▸

Explain in terms of ΔG, why a reaction for which both ΔH and ΔS are positive is sometimes spontaneous and sometimes not.


Why in a strong acid and strong bases reaction, a drop of acid added would not change its PH dramatically but has a big drop near the equivalent point?


Please use the VSEPR theory to predict the shape of NH3 and the approximate bond angles


What factors affect the rate of a reaction?


We're here to help

contact us iconContact ustelephone icon+44 (0) 203 773 6020
Facebook logoInstagram logoLinkedIn logo

MyTutor is part of the IXL family of brands:

© 2025 by IXL Learning