What is equilibrium in regards to chemical reactions?

A + B -----> AB In the chemical reaction above, reactant A reacts with reactant B to form product AB. However, it is a common misconception that this reaction only goes in the forward direction (which is the one shown above). As more and more AB gets made, the reaction starts going in the opposite direction, with AB breaking down into A and B again: AB -----> A + B. In every reaction, if it goes on for long enough, there is a certain point where the rates of the forward reaction(A + B ------> AB) and reverse reactions (AB ------> A + B) are equal. At this point, the system is said to be in equilibrium. As a general statement, all chemical reactions try to achieve equillibrium. At equilibrium, the concentrations of A, B and AB are equal, and changing the concentration of any of the three will cause the system to shift in favor of the products or reactants to re-achieve equilibrium. For example, if more reactant A is added, the system will shift in favor of the products to use up the extra A that has been added, and once this has been done, the system will return to equilibrium. 

BH
Answered by Beatrice H. Chemistry tutor

3480 Views

See similar Chemistry IB tutors

Related Chemistry IB answers

All answers ▸

Why is the molecule CH4 tetrahedral whereas NH3 is not?


What is an acid-base titration?


Sodium hydroxide reacts with phosphoric(V) acid according to the equation: 3NaOH + H3PO4 -> Na3PO4 + 3H2O 25.00 cm3 of 0.10 mol dm-3 sodium hydroxide reacts with 0.05 mol dm-3 H3PO4. The volume of H3PO4, in cm3, required for neutralisation is?


0.120g of an ideal gas was introduced into a gas syringe. The volume occupied by the gas at a pressure of 1.02x10^5 Pa and temperature 20 degrees was 49.3 cm^3. Calculate the molar mass of the gas.


We're here to help

contact us iconContact ustelephone icon+44 (0) 203 773 6020
Facebook logoInstagram logoLinkedIn logo

MyTutor is part of the IXL family of brands:

© 2026 by IXL Learning