Why do the atomic radii of the elements decrease across a period on the periodic table.

It may seem counterintuative that as the elemets' atomic numbers increase their atomic radii decrease. This is due to the increased electrostatic attraction (coulombic interaction) between nucleus and valence electrons. As long as elements are all in the same period then all thier valence electrons are in the same energy level, so there is no increase in the atomic radius due to fillig a new outer shell. This means the dominant effect is simple the electrostatic interaction. As the atomic number increases so does the interaction force, hence the atomic radius decreases.

DH

Related Chemistry A Level answers

All answers ▸

What is hybridisation and how can it be used to explain the shapes of molecules?


How do you go about answering titration equations?


Why do ionic compounds like NaCl conduct electricity when dissolved but not when they’re solid, whereas metals conduct electricity when they’re solid?


What does Le Chatelier's principle say happens to an equilibrium when temperature is changed or a catalyst is added?