Why does ice float on water? Use the structure of different states of matter to support your answer.

In a liquid, the particles are very close together, but can move around each other. In a solid, the particles are packed together. Depending on the substance, the solid particles can either be very well-ordered (crystalline) or have little or no long-range order (amorphous). When water solidifies, the water molecules arrange themselves in a hexagonal shape. The reason for this is because of hydrogen bonding between the O and the H atoms between the different water molecules. Therefore, the water molecules are more distant from one another in solid form than they are in liquid form. This leads to ice having a lower density than does water, and hence ice floats on water.

AB

Related Chemistry A Level answers

All answers ▸

Using chemical reagents in test tubes, distinguish between isomers: A CH3CO(CH2)2CHOH, B CH3CH(OH)(CH2)2CHO and C C(CH3)2OHCOCH3


State how you would test a solution for the presence of sulfate ions? Explain, using an ionic equation, what you would expect to observe in the presence of sulfate ions.


How does pH relate to pKa?


What are the different types of intermolecular forces?