What is the differnce between genotype and phenotype, and how are they linked?

The genotype is all of the genes in an organism. If, for example, you're interested in eye colour, the genotype for eye colour is the sequence of DNA that says 'eyes will be blue' or 'eyes will be brown'. The phenotype is all the observable traits that results from the genotype's instructions, eg eye colour.
For genes actually tell the organism what to do, the instructions that are kept so carefully in the chromosomes in the nucleus have to be taen out into the cytoplasm, where things actually happen. So the gene is transcribed into messenger RNA (mRNA), which is similar to DNA but single stranded. The mRNA leaves the nucleus and into the cytoplasm (or the ER), where it meets ribosomes. these are protein complexes that read the RNA sequence and translates it into an amino acid sequence, making a protein. Going back to they eye colour example, the DNA (genotype) could encode a protein that make eyes brown, and as it is transcribed and then translated, the protein is synthesised, and the phenotype appears: brown eyes

GA
Answered by Gabrielle A. French tutor

1487 Views

See similar French A Level tutors

Related French A Level answers

All answers ▸

What is the present subjunctive and when is it used?


What is the Preceding Direct Object (PDO) rule?


How to form questions in French and which register should I use in different situations?


Analysez les moyens par lesquels Kassovitz présente le thème du conflit dans le film. Comment jugez-vous son traitement de ce thème ?


We're here to help

contact us iconContact usWhatsapp logoMessage us on Whatsapptelephone icon+44 (0) 203 773 6020
Facebook logoInstagram logoLinkedIn logo

© MyTutorWeb Ltd 2013–2025

Terms & Conditions|Privacy Policy
Cookie Preferences