How do you form the Perfect Tense? (passé composé)

The 'Perfect Tense' is made of two parts: The 'AUXILIARY' (form of avoir/ être) + the 'PAST PARTICIPLE'
You pick the auxiliary according to the subject (ie. if you want to use 'nous' then the auxiliary will be 'avons' / 'sommes' )You then decide whether you need to use 'avoir' or 'être'- the easiest way to decide this, is whether the verb is in ' DR MRS VANDERTRAMP' (devenir, revenir, monter, rentrer, sortir, venir, arriver, naître, descendre, entrer, retourner, tomber, rester, aller, mourir, partir.) All 'DR & MRS VANDERTRAMP' verbs take 'être' and if it's not one of those verbs- you use 'avoir'You then make the 'past participle.' - You make this by taking the infinitive (dictionary form of the verb,) taking off the ending: -er, -ir, or -re, and adding the correct ending. If the verb ends in -er (ie. jouer) you add -é (to make joué,) if the verb ends in ir (ie. finir) you add -i (to make fini,) if the verb ends in -re (ie. vendre) you add -u (to make vendu)
Unfortunately, there are a few irregulars, which you should be able to recognise, a few examples:avoir= euboire= bucomprendre= comprisconnaître= connucroire= crulire= luprendre= pris
The last thing to remember, if your auxiliary is 'être' (you're using a 'DR & MRS VANDERTRAMP' verb) then your past participle must AGREE with the subject.-this means you may need to add something to the past participle:je suis alléif it's MASCULINE= no endingif it's MASCULINE PLURAL= 's' (nous sommes allés)if it's FEMININE = 'e' (elle est allée)if its FEMININE PLURAL= 'es' (elles sont allées)

ID
Answered by Isobel D. French tutor

1845 Views

See similar French GCSE tutors

Related French GCSE answers

All answers ▸

Identify who prefers to stay at home and who prefers to do sports outside out of Magali and Thierry. Magali: J'aime jouer aux jeux vidéos et regarder la télé . Thierry: J'aime jouer au foot et j'aime bien courir aussi.


When do you use the compound past or the imperfect tense in French?


How do you form the conditional tense in French?


Décris une journée typique.


We're here to help

contact us iconContact ustelephone icon+44 (0) 203 773 6020
Facebook logoInstagram logoLinkedIn logo

MyTutor is part of the IXL family of brands:

© 2025 by IXL Learning