Explain why bromine reacts more readily with phenol than benzene

Benzenes bonding consists of sideways overlap of PI bonds between carbons in the ring. due to the extensive overlapping and the PI bond not being held between two atoms the electrons are said to be delocalised and the ring is an area of low electron density. The lone pair form the O atom attached is delocalised into the ring therefore increasing the electron density of the ring, this means a dipole in the electrophile is more easily induced and therefore is more attracted to the ring. For the reaction with benzene a halogen carrier is needed (feBr3) to create Br+ to create a strong enough electrophile to react with the lower electron rich ring structure.

MA

Related Chemistry A Level answers

All answers ▸

Write an equation for the complete combustion of C9H20


How does increasing the temperature affect the yield of products of a reaction at equilibrium, where the forward reaction is exothermic?


What are the reagents used to oxidise an alcohol to a carboxylic acid.


3-Methylpent-2-ene (CH3CH=C(CH3)CH2CH3) reacts with Hydrogen Chloride(HCl) forming a major and minor product. Please name the reaction, draw the mechanism for the formation of the major product and briefly explain why there is a major and a minor product.