What are the different types of bonding in chemicals?

There are 2 types of bonding in chemicals; ionic bonding and covalent bonding. Both of these aim to fill the outer shells of the atoms. You can also have bonds between molecules called intramolecular bonds.

Ionic bonds:

Ionic bonding is where the electrons involved in the bond are fully transferred from one species to another in order to fill the outer shell of all the atoms involved. This creates some ions which are positively charged, and some which are negatively charged, and their is an electrostatic attraction between the opposite charges.

For example, in table salt, NaCl, the sodium fully transfers one if it's electrons to the chlorine to make Na+ and Cl- which attract each other to form NaCl.

Covalent bonds:

Covalent bonds are when the species involved share some of their electrons with each other so that both species fill their outer shells.

For example, in hydrogen, each hydrogen atom on it's own only has 1 electron in it's outer shell. To fill it, they need 2, so they each share their single electron with the other, so that both hydrogen atoms have access to both electrons, therefore having full outer shells and making H2.

CM
Answered by Chris M. Chemistry tutor

3298 Views

See similar Chemistry A Level tutors

Related Chemistry A Level answers

All answers ▸

Explain the trend in the boiling temperatures of the elements on descending group 7, from fluorine to iodine.


Describe a test that could be used to distinguish between potassium sulfate (K2SO4) and potassium nitrate (KNO3)


State and explain the general trend in first ionisation energy across Period 3


The reversible reaction of sulfur dioxide and oxygen to form sulfur trioxide is shown below. 2SO2(g) + O2(g) 2SO3(g) An equilibrium mixture contains 2.4mol SO2, 1.2mol O2 and 0.4mol SO3. The total pressure is 250atm. What is the p(SO3)?


We're here to help

contact us iconContact ustelephone icon+44 (0) 203 773 6020
Facebook logoInstagram logoLinkedIn logo

© MyTutorWeb Ltd 2013–2025

Terms & Conditions|Privacy Policy
Cookie Preferences