How to write a redox equation from half equations

There are three crucial steps in balancing redox half equations, which, when mastered, allow any two half equations, no matter how to complex, to be easily balanced. First, we balance the electrons, by determining how many electrons are transferred in each half equation. Take for instance the redox reaction between aluminium and dilute sulphuric acid. Reduction: H2SO4 (aq) + 2e- —> SO4 2- (aq) + H2 (g). Oxidation: Al (s) —> Al3+ (aq) + 3e-. The reduction equation is multiplied by 3 to give 6 electrons transferred. The oxidation equation is multiplied by 2 to give 6 electrons transferred.Next, we add the multiplied equations together and cancel the electrons, so we have:3H2SO4 (aq) + 2Al (s) —> 3SO42- (aq) + 3H2 (g) + 2Al3+ (aq). As SO4 2- and Al3+ are oppositely charged ions, they will attract to form a solution of Al2SO4, so we can see that the species still balance.The third step does not apply to this simple equation, but is important when dealing with more complex redox equations such as those found in transition metal chemistry, and involved cancelling the species that appear on both sides of the equation, so that the equation is left in its empirical form.

JH
Answered by Jess H. Chemistry tutor

5809 Views

See similar Chemistry A Level tutors

Related Chemistry A Level answers

All answers ▸

Why do first ionisation energies decrease down a group but increase across a period?


Plan out a 4 step organic synthesis to form N-methyl Butanamide from 1-Bromopropane. Include relevant reagents and conditions for each reaction. Include 1 mechanism for one of the stages.


Why do Copper and Chromium only have 1 electron in their S orbitals?


The equation for the reaction between ammonia and oxygen is shown. 4NH3(g) + 5O2(g) ⇌ 4NO(g) + 6H2O(g) . Calculate the entropy change of the reaction, using data from the table below.


We're here to help

contact us iconContact ustelephone icon+44 (0) 203 773 6020
Facebook logoInstagram logoLinkedIn logo

MyTutor is part of the IXL family of brands:

© 2026 by IXL Learning