Why is benzene more stable than expected?

Benzene is stable due to its delocalised ring of electrons - which forms as a result of the carbon-carbon bonds being neither single nor double bonds, instead an intermediate length with electrons in the p-orbitals sticking out above and below the carbon ring. This means that, when compared to cyclohexa-1,3,5-triene, benzene has a much less exothermic enthalpy of hydrogenation - -208kJmol-1 instead of the predicted -360kJmol-1. This means it's a more stable compound, as more energy is needed to break benzene's bonds than cyclohexa-1,3,5-triene.

Related Chemistry A Level answers

All answers ▸

How do acid buffer solutions work?


State and explain the difference in base strength between phenylamine and ammonia.


Explain why hydrogen bonding occurs between water molecules


How would you name complex organic compounds?