What are the differences between prokaryotic and eukaryotic DNA?

DNA in prokaryotes can be found in the cytoplasm in a form of a free circular chromosome. Additionally, there are structures called plasmids that contain DNA as well and their functions are connected to e.g. enhanced reproduction. On the other hand, in eukaryotes DNA is contained within the nucleus. The DNA is in the form of chromosomes and it's coiled - associated with proteins called histones. This association enables the DNA to be more packed, take up less space and actually fit in the nucleus. Additionally, in eukaryotic cells genetic material can be found in mitochondria (as mitochondrial DNA or mDNA) and in chloroplasts (chloroplast DNA or cpDNA).

Answered by Aleksandra S. Biology tutor

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