Explain the difference in reactivity between benzene and phenol with bromine?

Phenol reacts with bromine at room temperature with no catalyst as the hydroxyl group activates the ring by donating a pi electron. This donated electron increases the electron density of the ring hence allowing it to polarise a Br2 molecule and create a partially positive Br which can undergo nucleophilic attack.Benzene does not react with bromine on its own and requires a halogen carrier (FeBr3). This is because the ring is not activated and can not polarise bromine on its own. The halogen carrier reacts with bromine to create a bromine cation which can more easily undergo nucleophilic attack and allows a reaction with benzene.

RL

Related Chemistry A Level answers

All answers ▸

Explain why the second ionisation energy of boron is higher than the first ionisation energy of boron.


What does Le Chatelier's principle say happens to an equilibrium when temperature is changed or a catalyst is added?


Phosphorus is burned in air at 500 ºC to produce gaseous phosphorus(V) oxide. 220 g of phosphorus was reacted with an excess of air. Calculate the volume, in m3, of gaseous phosphorus(V) oxide produced


Discuss the trend in first ionisation energies across the second period of the periodic table.