Explain the variation of atomic radius along a period and along a group of the Periodic Table

The atomic radius is mostly influenced by the electron cloud and its interaction with the nucleus.Along a period, the atomic number increases, which indicates that the number of electrons also increases, given that an atom is a neutral species. However, the added electrons remain in the same orbital. At the same time, the number of protons increases, increasing the nucleus-electron cloud attraction. This overpowers the increment in electrons, so the atomic radius decreases.Along a group, however, the electrons are added to a new, more peripheral orbital. As such, this growth in volume is not compensated by the nucleus-electron cloud attraction, even though the number of protons is increasing. Thus, the radius increases.

Answered by Madalena C. Chemistry tutor

1552 Views

See similar Chemistry A Level tutors

Related Chemistry A Level answers

All answers ▸

Define relative atomic mass.


Why is Kekule's benzene structure an inaccurate representation of the molecule?


What are Acids and Bases?


Explain why water molecules form on average two hydrogen bonds per molecule, whereas ammonia molecules (NH3) form only one.


We're here to help

contact us iconContact usWhatsapp logoMessage us on Whatsapptelephone icon+44 (0) 203 773 6020
Facebook logoInstagram logoLinkedIn logo

© MyTutorWeb Ltd 2013–2024

Terms & Conditions|Privacy Policy