What is the difference between 'ser' and 'estar'?

The verbs 'ser' and 'estar' both translate as 'to be' in English. However, in Spanish they have different meanings.'Ser' is generally used for permanent states, or things that won't change. For example, nationality, personality traits, and physical characteristics. 'Soy británica, soy inteligente y soy alta' = I am British, I am intelligent and I am tall.'Estar' is used for temporary states, things that might change from one minute to the next. For example, location and emotions. 'Estoy aquí en el parque y estoy triste' = I am here in the park and I am sad.There are some exceptions to this rule, which you should try and learn. For example, although death is a permanent state, in Spanish you would say 'estoy muerto', rather than 'soy muerto'.