What is the geometry of a ClF3 molecule? (AQA Unit 1 2015 1d)

Chlorine, Cl, and Florine, F are both in group 7 of the periodic table so they have 7 electrons in the outer energy level, called valence electrons. Each fluorine atom makes one covalent bond to the chlorine atom so 1 more electron is added to the outer energy level for each. Now there are 7 + 3 = 10 valence electrons. But each covalent bond is made by sharing a pair of electrons so dividing 10 by 2 gives the number of pairs of electrons. 10 / 2 = 5. So there are 5 pairs of valence electrons. The 5 pairs of electrons will arrange themselves around the atom to get as far apart as possible because they repel each other. This leads to a shape called a trigonal bipyramid which has angles of 90 and 120 degrees between bonds. However, there are only 3 bonds to other atoms so there must be 2 lone pairs. 5 - 3 = 2. The geometry will still be approximately the same but there will be some atoms missing from the shape. Lone pairs repel each other more than bonding pairs do, so they are placed furthest from other atoms. In the trigonal bipyramid shape this is in the triangle of the pyramid so the shape in the end is a t-shape with bond angles of 90 degrees.

EC
Answered by Eleanor C. Chemistry tutor

14667 Views

See similar Chemistry A Level tutors

Related Chemistry A Level answers

All answers ▸

What is the definition of a Brownsted-Lowry base?


Palladium acts as a heterogeneous catalyst in the reaction between an alkene with hydrogen by providing an alternative reaction route. Describe the stages of this reaction route. (3 marks)


Although carbon dioxide is a linear molecule it is still a greenhouse gas. Explain why that is.


Describe how you test for an aldehyde or ketone and distinguish between the two.


We're here to help

contact us iconContact ustelephone icon+44 (0) 203 773 6020
Facebook logoInstagram logoLinkedIn logo

MyTutor is part of the IXL family of brands:

© 2026 by IXL Learning