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A base triplet (sequence of 3 bases) encodes a single amino acid. The same base triplet codes for the same amino acid in all organisms, meaning that the genetic code is universal. In addition the code is ...

Start with a sketch. We can see that the radius from the point (1,7) to the centre of the circle (3,4) is perpendicular to the tangent. The gradient of the radius is (4-7)/(3-1) = -3/2. We know that two p...

Although daunting facing a question a 25-mark question, following a template for structuring your paragraphs will help you feel more prepared and your argument will be clearer to the examiner reading it. ...

Both allopatric and sympatric speciation occurs due to reproductive isolation between populations of the same species. Allopatric speciation involves a physical barrier such as a river or mountain separat...

First of all, these more complex tenses are often very complicated and difficult so do not feel discouraged if you do not understand them initially, but once you do you will be using the plus question par...