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For speciation to occur, two populations of a species must become reproductively isolated. This can result from either the formation of a geographic barrier between two populations of the species, prevent...

N₂ (g)+3H₂ (g) ⇋ 2NH₃ (g)  ΔH=-92kJmol^-1 (this is the equation for the above question)
According to Le Chatelier's principle, the position of equilibrium w...

Multiply by 2 because calcium hydroxide = Ca(OH)2 so 2 x [OH-] per molecule.[OH-] = 0.0131 x 2 = 0.0262
Insert [OH-] value into the equilibrium equation along with the value of Kw at 10 degrees centi...

An acidic buffer solution is made up of a weak acid (e.g. ethanoic acid) and a salt containing its conjugate base (e.g. sodium ethanoate). It resists pH change via two mechanisms: The fact that the acid i...

The genetic code is universal because all species use the same four bases A,T,C and G, and each base sequence codes for the same amino acid in all species. despite the 64 possible codons (sequence of thre...