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The most serious of these mutations will be the insertion of 2 bases. Becasue the genetic code is read in triplets, a 2 base insetion will alter the reading frame of the code causing a frameshift mutation...

Two models have been proposed. The first being the 'Lock and Key Model' which simply describes the way in which the active site of an enzyme is complementary to the substrate shape, meaning that only the ...

A nervous impulse travels to the neuromuscular junction and causes the release of acetylcholine into the synaptic cleft. Depolarisation of the motor end plate spreads through the muscle via transverse tub...

1. Red blood cells are shaped like a biconcave disc - increases SA:volume ration -> increase surface for oxygen to diffuse in and out of cell

2. Red blood cells are very small - 7...

Numerous experimental investigations have been conducted to explain the diversity and unity of life. Specifically, these models have aimed to provide evidence that the conditions of early Earth provided a...