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There are two key pieces of terminology that it is important to understand with this question; genotype and phenotype. All sexual organisms inherit a mix of genes from th...

Expiration is a passive process. It happens due to relaxation, not contraction, of the muscles of the chest. As well as the elastic recoil of the lungs. Both of these processes do not require energy and h...

During diastole the atria and ventricles are relaxed. The atrioventricular valves are open and the semilunar valves are closed. Deoxygenated blood enters the right atrium from the venae cavae and oxygenat...

Electrical impulses from the SAN (sinoatrial node) spread across the atria walls to cause contraction. The impulses then pass to the ventricles via the AVN (atrioventricular node) after a short delay to a...

An action potential is the signal neurons use to communicate with each other. It is caused by the rapid opening of sodium channels and influx of sodium ions. Because at rest the inside of the neuron is ne...