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We say that the genetic code is degenerate because there are several codons, which code for the same amino acid. For example UCA, UCU, UCG and UCC all code for Serine. 

This is due to the fact that...

-action potential arrives at the axon terminal 

-voltage gated calcium ion channels open (due to the influx of sodium),

-calcium ions diffuse into the synaptic knob

-synaptic vesicles...

E. coli normally metabolise glucose, but if glucose is not available in a new environment, the lac operon can allow E. coli to metabolise lactose, the sugar found in milk using the structural genes beta-g...

DNA and mRNA are both nucleic acids and are made up of a sugar, phosphates and a base. However, they are very different. Firstly by simply looking at the molecules DNA is double stranded whereas mRNA is s...

The external intercostal muscles contract which moves the diapraghm upwards. This reduces the volume of the thorax and therefore with less space, the pressure in the lungs goes up. The pressure in the lun...