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When discussing synapses we tend to think of a typical cholinergic (uses an acetylcholine neurotransmitter) synapse, which transmits an action potential from the synaptic bulb of the presynaptic neurone t...

Synapses are chemical connections between neurons which do indeed slow down transmission. However, they provide the nervous system with many benefits that could not be achieved without them: They ensure t...

We say that the genetic code is degenerate because there are several codons, which code for the same amino acid. For example UCA, UCU, UCG and UCC all code for Serine. 

This is due to the fact that...

-action potential arrives at the axon terminal 

-voltage gated calcium ion channels open (due to the influx of sodium),

-calcium ions diffuse into the synaptic knob

-synaptic vesicles...

E. coli normally metabolise glucose, but if glucose is not available in a new environment, the lac operon can allow E. coli to metabolise lactose, the sugar found in milk using the structural genes beta-g...