Search over 10,000 free study notes

There are 4 levels you use to describe protein structure. 

Primary Structure - This is the simplest structure of a protein. It is essentially the sequence of amino acids that form a prote...

Firstly, there are chemical differences between the two nucleic acids. DNA has the following structural properties:-double stranded and anti-parallel polymer held together by (relatively) weak hydrogen bo...

Both antigenic shift and drift are used by viruses to adapt to selection pressures and avoid host immune systems. 

Antigenic shift is a slow change in the viral genes ove...

Contraction of the heart is myogenic meaning it initiates from within the heart muscle itself (myo=muscle, genic= created). Therefore, no extra nerves need to signal the heart t...

pentose sugar and phosphate group backbone

nitrogenous base