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Both antigenic shift and drift are used by viruses to adapt to selection pressures and avoid host immune systems. 

Antigenic shift is a slow change in the viral genes ove...

Contraction of the heart is myogenic meaning it initiates from within the heart muscle itself (myo=muscle, genic= created). Therefore, no extra nerves need to signal the heart t...

pentose sugar and phosphate group backbone

nitrogenous base

The hypothalamus in the brain controls the body temperature.

If the temperature gets too high:
receptors in the hypothalamus detect the change.
the heat loss ...

We have two types of muscle in our body with each having different properties, functions and distributions in the human body.

Fast twitch muscle fibres (also known as type...