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Outline the key stages that occur in mitosis.

The initial stage of mitosis is known as prophase. In early prophase, the nuclear membrane breaks down and the nucleolus disappears. The chromatin condenses into a doubled armed chromosome- comprised of two ...
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Answered by Liam F. • Biology tutor
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Explain how vaccinations prevent disease.

Vaccinations introduce the human immune system to pathogenic antibodies in a safe way. This could be in the form of the dead pathogen, a genetically engineered version or the lone antibody. The antibody acti...
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Answered by Georgina K. • Biology tutor
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Explain the difference between Humoral and Cellular adaptive immune response.

Firstly the adaptive immune response is the antigen specific response the body uses against free antigens or infected cells. It relies on the highly specialised lymphocytes, T-cells and B-cells, which are de...
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Answered by Tarek L. • Biology tutor
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What are oncogenes and how do they relate to tumor formation?

Definition: an oncogenes is a gene, whose altered expression, over-expression, amplification and the presence of mutation lead to tumors arising.These most often are part of intracellular signalling pathways...
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Answered by Daniel B. • Biology tutor
3701 Views

Outline the process of oxidative phosphorylation and its specificity to aerobic respirpation.

Oxidative Phosphorylation: The inner membrane of the double mitochondria membrane has electron transport carriers protein complexes on it which make up the electron transport chain .The NADH molecules and FA...
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Answered by Loukas F. • Biology tutor
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